Introduction:
Blasting is a process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces, which can be transported easily. It is widely used in mining, quarrying, and construction industries. Blasting requires careful planning and calculations to ensure that it is done safely and efficiently. One of the critical aspects of blasting is calculating the blasting parameters. In this article, we will discuss the calculation of blasting parameters.
What are Blasting Parameters?
Blasting parameters refer to the various factors that are taken into consideration while planning and executing a blast. The parameters include the type of explosive, the amount of explosive, the size of the blasthole, the distance between the blastholes, the depth of the blasthole, and the timing of the detonation.
The selection of these parameters depends on the type of rock, the purpose of the blast, and the desired results. Calculating these parameters accurately is crucial to achieving the desired outcome of the blast.
Calculation of Blasting Parameters
The calculation of blasting parameters involves the following steps:
Determining the Rock Properties
Before starting the calculation of blasting parameters, it is essential to determine the properties of the rock. The properties include the compressive strength, tensile strength, density, hardness, and elasticity. These properties affect the behavior of the rock during blasting and are, therefore, crucial in determining the blasting parameters.
Selecting the Type of Explosive
The type of explosive selected for blasting depends on the rock properties and the desired result of the blast. The most commonly used explosives are ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture (ANFO), slurry, emulsion, and dynamite.
Calculating the Amount of Explosive
The amount of explosive required for blasting is calculated based on the desired fragmentation and the hole diameter. The amount of explosive is usually expressed in kilograms per meter of hole length (kg/m).
Determining the Blasthole Diameter
The blasthole diameter is determined based on the amount of explosive, the rock properties, and the desired fragmentation. The diameter is usually expressed in millimeters.
Calculating the Distance Between Blastholes
The distance between blastholes is determined based on the blasthole diameter and the burden. The burden refers to the distance between the blasthole and the nearest free face of the rock. The distance between blastholes is usually expressed in meters.
Determining the Depth of the Blasthole
The depth of the blasthole is determined based on the rock properties and the desired result of the blast. The depth is usually expressed in meters.
Timing of the Detonation
The timing of the detonation is crucial in ensuring that the blast is safe and effective. The timing is determined based on the type of explosive, the rock properties, and the desired result of the blast. The timing is usually expressed in milliseconds.
What are the blasting parameters?
Blasting parameters refer to the different factors considered when planning and executing a blast. These include the type of explosive, amount of explosive, size of the blasthole, distance between the blastholes, depth of the blasthole, and timing of the detonation.
How do you calculate blasting volume?
To determine the blasting volume, you need to calculate the volume of the rock that needs to be blasted. This can be done by multiplying the length, width, and height of the rock. The blasting volume is then calculated by subtracting the volume of the remaining rock after blasting from the initial volume of the rock.
How is blasting powder factor calculated?
The blasting powder factor is calculated by dividing the mass of explosives used in a blast by the volume of the blasthole. The formula for blasting powder factor is: Powder Factor = Mass of Explosives / Volume of Blasthole.
What is the formula for blasting efficiency?
The formula for blasting efficiency is: Blasting Efficiency = Volume of Rock Broken / Mass of Explosives Used. This metric measures how effectively the explosives break down the rock.
Blasting powder factor formula The formula for blasting powder factor is: Powder Factor = Mass of Explosives / Volume of Blasthole. This formula is used to calculate the amount of explosives needed for a particular blast.
Blasting cost calculation Blasting cost calculation involves determining the cost of explosives, drilling, blasting, hauling, and crushing. Factors such as labor costs, equipment rental fees, and transportation costs are also taken into consideration.
Blast design formulas pdf Blast design formulas are mathematical equations used to calculate various parameters required for designing a blast. These include the burden, spacing, stemming height, and hole diameter.
Powder factor calculation example For example, if a blast requires 1000 kg of explosives, and the volume of the blasthole is 10 cubic meters, the powder factor would be: Powder Factor = 1000 kg / 10 m^3 = 100 kg/m^3.
Orica blasting handbook pdf Orica is a company that provides products and services related to blasting. Their blasting handbook contains information on blasting techniques, safety procedures, and product details.
Powder factor in blasting Powder factor refers to the amount of explosives used per unit volume of rock. It is an important parameter in determining the effectiveness and efficiency of a blast.
Powder factor calculator A powder factor calculator is a tool used to determine the amount of explosives required for a particular blast. It takes into account the rock properties, desired fragmentation, and other factors to calculate the optimal powder factor.
What are blasting parameters?
Blasting parameters refer to the various factors that need to be taken into account when planning and executing a blast. These include the type of explosive, amount of explosive, size of the blasthole, distance between the blastholes, depth of the blasthole, and timing of the detonation.
How is blasting volume calculated?
To determine the blasting volume, you need to calculate the volume of the rock that needs to be blasted by multiplying the length, width, and height of the rock. The blasting volume is then calculated by subtracting the volume of the remaining rock after blasting from the initial volume of the rock.
What is the powder factor in blasting?
Powder factor refers to the amount of explosives used per unit volume of rock. It is an important parameter in determining the effectiveness and efficiency of a blast.
How is the blasting powder factor calculated?
The blasting powder factor is calculated by dividing the mass of explosives used in a blast by the volume of the blasthole. The formula for blasting powder factor is: Powder Factor = Mass of Explosives / Volume of Blasthole.
What is the formula for calculating blasting efficiency?
The formula for blasting efficiency is: Blasting Efficiency = Volume of Rock Broken / Mass of Explosives Used. This metric measures how effectively the explosives break down the rock.
What are blast design formulas?
Blast design formulas are mathematical equations used to calculate various parameters required for designing a blast. These include the burden, spacing, stemming height, and hole diameter.
What is included in blasting cost calculation?
Blasting cost calculation involves determining the cost of explosives, drilling, blasting, hauling, and crushing. Factors such as labor costs, equipment rental fees, and transportation costs are also taken into consideration.
What is Orica Blasting Handbook?
Orica Blasting Handbook is a guidebook provided by Orica, a company that provides products and services related to blasting. The handbook contains information on blasting techniques, safety procedures, and product details.
How do rock properties affect blasting parameters calculation?
Rock properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, density, hardness, and elasticity can affect the behavior of the rock during blasting. Therefore, these properties need to be taken into account when calculating blasting parameters.
Why is accurate calculation of blasting parameters important?
Accurate calculation of blasting parameters is important because it ensures that the blast is safe and efficient. Incorrect calculations can lead to accidents, damage to equipment, and ineffective blasting.
Conclusion:
Blasting is an important process in the mining, quarrying, and construction industries. Calculating the blasting parameters is crucial in ensuring that the blast is safe and efficient. The parameters include the type of explosive, the amount of explosive, the size of the blasthole, the distance between the blastholes, the depth of the blasthole, and the timing of the detonation. The calculation of these parameters involves determining the rock properties, selecting the type of explosive, calculating the amount of explosive, determining the blasthole diameter, calculating the distance between blastholes, determining the depth of the blasthole, and timing of the detonation. Accurately calculating the blasting parameters can help achieve the desired outcome of the blast while ensuring safety.
